2019-08-06

Python : 日期時間的格式化輸出

  1. 匯入 datetime 模組,建立今天的日期時間物件
    多多利用 Visual Studio Code的 intellisense (intellicode) 的功能,可以藉提示的功能,多認識一些模組內的class(類別)、方法、屬性。
  2. 格式化輸出 今天(現在)的日期時間內容
    # 匯入 datetime 模組,並以 mDT 作為 datetime 的別名
    import datetime as mDT
    # 使用 mDT 模組,建立一個今天的日期時間(datetime)物件 oToday
    oToday=mDT.datetime.today()
    print(oToday.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f'))
    # >>>2019-08-06 14:27:59.485471

  3. 格式化輸出的代碼、說明、及對應輸出範例:
    代碼
    輸出說明
    輸出範例
    %a Weekday as locale’s abbreviated name.
    Sun, Mon, …, Sat (en_US);
    So, Mo, …, Sa (de_DE)
    %A Weekday as locale’s full name.
    Sunday, Monday, …, Saturday (en_US);
    Sonntag, Montag, …, Samstag (de_DE)
    %w Weekday as a decimal number, where 0 is Sunday and 6 is Saturday. 0, 1, …, 6
    %d Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, …, 31
    %b Month as locale’s abbreviated name.
    Jan, Feb, …, Dec (en_US);
    Jan, Feb, …, Dez (de_DE)
    %B Month as locale’s full name.
    January, February, …, December (en_US);
    Januar, Februar, …, Dezember (de_DE)
    %m Month as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, …, 12
    %y Year without century as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 99
    %Y Year with century as a decimal number. 0001, 0002, …, 2013, 2014, …, 9998, 9999
    %H Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 23
    %I Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, …, 12
    %p Locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM.
    AM, PM (en_US);
    am, pm (de_DE)
    %M Minute as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 59
    %S Second as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 59
    %f Microsecond as a decimal number, zero-padded on the left. 000000, 000001, …, 999999
    %z UTC offset in the form ±HHMM[SS[.ffffff]] (empty string if the object is naive). (empty), +0000, -0400, +1030, +063415, -030712.345216
    %Z Time zone name (empty string if the object is naive). (empty), UTC, EST, CST
    %j Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number. 001, 002, …, 366
    %U Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a zero padded decimal number. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0. 00, 01, …, 53
    %W Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0. 00, 01, …, 53
    %c Locale’s appropriate date and time representation.
    Tue Aug 16 21:30:00 1988 (en_US);
    Di 16 Aug 21:30:00 1988 (de_DE)
    %x Locale’s appropriate date representation.
    08/16/88 (None);
    08/16/1988 (en_US);
    16.08.1988 (de_DE)
    %X Locale’s appropriate time representation.
    21:30:00 (en_US);
    21:30:00 (de_DE)
    %% A literal '%' character. %

  4. 參考資料:
    https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/datetime.html?highlight=datetime%20format#datetime.date.__format__

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